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New Zealand cinema, can refer to films made by New Zealand-based production companies in New Zealand. However, it may also refer to films made ''about'' New Zealand by filmmakers from other countries. In addition, due to the relatively small size of its film industry, many New Zealand-made films are co-productions with companies based in other nations. ==Defining New Zealand Film== In October 1978 the New Zealand Film Commission was formalised by Parliament under the Third National Government. The functions of the Commission under Section 17 of the New Zealand Film Commission Act 1978 were to: *Encourage and assist in the making, promotion, distribution and exhibition of films *Encourage and promote cohesion with NZ film industry *Encourage and promote maintenance of films in archives With this Act, the New Zealand film industry became more stabilised. Section 18 of the Act, entitled "Content of Films", would serve to define which aspects a film had to have in order for it to be labelled as a New Zealand Film. To qualify as a New Zealand film, the film must have "significant New Zealand content", taking into account the following:〔 *The subject of the film *The locations at which the film was made *The nationalities or places of residence of: * * the authors, scriptwriters, composers, producers, directors, actors, technicians, editors, etc. * * the owners of any company, partnership, or joint venture involved in making the film * * the copyright holders *The sources from which the money is derived *The ownership and whereabouts of the equipment and technical facilities These defining aspects have in recent years caused debate on whether films like ''The Frighteners'' and the ''The Lord of the Rings'' qualify as New Zealand Films. The impact of the New Zealand Film Commission on the industry was in getting films made, coming to a definition of NZ Film, and helping establish a Screen Industry in New Zealand. Most New Zealand films are made by independent filmmakers, often on a low budget and with sponsorship from public funds. Relatively few New Zealand-made films have been specifically commissioned for the international market by international film distributors. Recently, international film companies have become more aware of the skills of New Zealand filmmakers, and have increasingly used the New Zealand film industry as a base to shoot and also sometimes finish their feature films. Private funding for New Zealand films has often been in short supply, although for a period in the early eighties tax-breaks resulted in a rush of money and a production boom. Although the trend seems to be changing for the better, some New Zealand directors and actors have been ignored in large part by their own country, despite success overseas, and often had to work in the US, Australia, and the UK as a result. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cinema of New Zealand」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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